1. What are the components of optical fiber?

Answer: Optical fiber consists of two basic parts: a core made of transparent optical materials and a cladding and coating layer.

2. What are the basic parameters that describe the transmission characteristics of optical fiber lines?

Answer: Including loss, dispersion, bandwidth, cut-off wavelength, mode field diameter, etc.

3. What are the most common optical cable structures?

Answer: There are two types: layered type and skeleton type.

4. What does an optical cable mainly consist of?

Answer: Mainly composed of: fiber core, fiber optic grease, sheath material, PBT (polybutylene terephthalate) and other materials.

5. What does the armoring of optical cables mean?

Answer: It refers to the protective components (usually steel wire or steel strip) used in special-purpose optical cables (such as submarine optical cables, etc.). The armor is attached to the inner jacket of the fiber optic cable.

6. What are the causes of fiber attenuation?

Answer: The optical power in the optical fiber gradually decreases along the vertical axis. Optical power reduction is related to wavelength. In optical fiber links, the main reasons for optical power reduction are scattering, absorption, and optical power loss caused by connectors and fusion splices. The unit of attenuation is dB.

Causes: There are many reasons for fiber attenuation, mainly including: absorption attenuation, including impurity absorption and intrinsic absorption; scattering attenuation, including linear scattering, nonlinear scattering and structurally incomplete scattering, etc.; other attenuation, including micro-bending attenuation, etc. . The most important of these is attenuation caused by impurity absorption.

7. What is the bandwidth of optical fiber related to?

Answer: The bandwidth of optical fiber refers to the modulation frequency when the amplitude of optical power is reduced by 50% or 3dB from the amplitude of zero frequency in the transfer function of optical fiber. The bandwidth of an optical fiber is approximately inversely proportional to its length, and the product of the bandwidth length is a constant.

The phenomenon of light pulse broadening in optical fibers caused by different group velocities of different wavelengths in the spectral components of the light source.

8. How to describe the dispersion characteristics of signals propagating in optical fibers?

Answer: It can be described by three physical quantities: pulse broadening, fiber bandwidth, and fiber dispersion coefficient.

9. What is the cut-off wavelength?

Answer: It refers to the shortest wavelength that can only transmit the fundamental mode in the optical fiber. For single-mode fiber, its cutoff wavelength must be shorter than the wavelength of the transmitted light.

10. What impact does the dispersion of optical fibers have on the performance of optical fiber communication systems?

Answer: The dispersion of optical fiber will cause the light pulse to broaden during transmission in the optical fiber. It affects the bit error rate, the length of the transmission distance, and the system rate.

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