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1) Before laying the optical cable, the construction and related personnel should be properly trained on the matters that should be paid attention to in the construction, such as the essentials of laying out methods and safety, and ensure that the construction personnel obey the command.2) Check whether the specific direction of optical cable routing, laying method, environmental conditions and specific locations of joints conform to the design of the construction drawings.3) Check the ground distance and the length of the hop.4) Verify the specific location and treatment measures of the section where protective measures need to be taken for the optical cable to pass through obstacles.5) Verify the location, location and quantity of optical cable protection such as cable trenches, sills, slope protection, and blockages.6) The minimum distance between the optical cable and other facilities, trees, buildings and underground pipelines must meet the acceptance technical standards.7) The routing direction, laying position and connection point of the optical cable should be safe and reliable, and convenient for construction and maintenance.8) Before excavating the cable trench, the construction unit should lay out the gray line along the route according to the approved construction drawing design. The gray line in the straight section should be straight, and there should be no serpentine bend or disjoint phenomenon.9) The attempt to directly bury the optical cable shall be excavated according to the standard requirements.10) Where trenches cannot be dug, pipelines can be laid overhead or drilled in advance.11) Due to the heavy weight of the climbing direct buried optical cable and the complex layout terrain, the construction is more difficult and requires more labor, and sufficient personnel should be equipped12) The bottom of the ditch should be gentle and firm, and if necessary, a part of sand, cement or supports can be pre-filled.13) When laying optical cables, engineering and technical personnel should be equipped with necessary communication equipment, such as walkie-talkie speakers.14) The bending radius of the optical cable should be less than 15 times the outer diameter of the optical cable, and should not be less than 20 times during the construction process.15) Manual or mechanical traction can be used during laying, but attention should be paid to guiding and lubricating.16) During mechanical traction, the progress adjustment range should be 3~15m/min, the adjustment method should be stepless speed regulation, and it has the function of automatic stop. During traction, centralized traction, intermediate auxiliary traction, and scattered traction should be selected according to factors such as traction length, terrain conditions, and traction tension.17) After the optical cable is laid, the end of the optical cable should be treated with dense moisture-proof treatment and must not be immersed in water.18) After the laying is completed, the soil should be covered and compacted as soon as possible.Fiber hope fiber optic cable and patch cord manufacturers can provide high-quality fiber optic cables, fiber pigtails, fiber patch cords, single-mode multi-mode fiber, welcome to inquiry!

1. Optical cable routing line lengthDue to the physical characteristics of the optical cable itself and the inhomogeneity in the production process, the optical signal propagating in it is being diffused and absorbed all the time. When the optical cable link is too long, the overall attenuation of the optical signal of the entire link will exceed the requirements of network planning, and the optical signal attenuation is too large, which will reduce the communication effect.2. The bending angle of the optical cable is too largeThe cable bending attenuation and pressure attenuation are essentially caused by the failure of total reflection in the optical transmission process due to the deformation of the optical cable. The optical fiber has a certain degree of bendability, but when the optical fiber is bent to a certain angle, it will cause a change in the propagation direction of the optical signal in the optical cable, resulting in bending attenuation. This requires special attention to reserve sufficient angles for wiring during wiring construction.3. The optical cable is compressed or brokenThis is the most common fault in optical cable faults. The optical fiber is subject to external forces or natural disasters, resulting in tiny irregular bends or even breakage. When the breakage occurs inside the splice box or optical cable, the breakpoint cannot be found from the outside. However, the refractive index will change at the break point of the fiber, and even reflection loss will be formed, which will deteriorate the quality of the fiber transmission signal. At this time, use the OTDR optical cable tester to detect the reflection peak to find the bending attenuation or break point inside the optical fiber.4. Fusion splicing failure of optical fiber joint constructionDuring the laying of optical cables, an optical fiber fusion splicer is often used to fuse two sections of optical fibers into one. Since the glass fiber in the core layer of the optical cable is fused, the fusion splicer needs to be used correctly according to the type of optical cable during the welding process on the construction site. Due to the operation not conforming to the construction specification and the change of the construction environment, the optical fiber is easily contaminated. Dirt, which leads to the mixing of impurities during the welding process, resulting in a decrease in the communication quality of the entire link.5. Fiber core diameters are differentOptical fiber laying often uses a variety of active connection laying methods, such as flange connections, which are often used in computer network laying in buildings. Active connection generally has low loss, but when the end face of the optical fiber or the flange is not clean, the diameter of the core fiber is different, and the joint is not strict, the loss of the joint will be greatly increased. Testing by OTDR or double-ended power can find core diameter mismatch faults. It should be noted that, except for the diameter of the core fiber, the transmission mode, wavelength and attenuation mode of light are completely different between single-mode fiber and multimode fiber, so they cannot be used together.6. Fiber optic connector pollutionPollution of pigtail connectors and dampness of jumper fibers are the main causes of cable failures. Especially in the indoor network there are a lot of short fibers, and various network switching devices, the plugging and unplugging of optical fiber connectors, the replacement and transfer of flanges are very frequent. During the operation, excessive dust, insertion loss, finger touch, etc. can easily make the fiber optic connector dirty, making the optical path impossible to adjust or the optical attenuation is too large. Alcohol wipes should be used for cleaning.7. Poor polishing of jointsPoor connector polishing is also one of the main failures of fiber optic links. The ideal optical fiber cutting plane does not exist in the real physical environment, and there are some undulations or slopes. When the light in the optical cable link encounters such a cut surface, the diffuse scattering and reflection of light due to the irregular joint surface will greatly increase the attenuation of light. On the curve of the OTDR tester, the attenuation area of the poorly polished cut surface is much larger than that of the normal end surface.Fiber hope fiber optic cable and patch cord manufacturers can provide high-quality fiber optic cables,fiber pigtails, fiber patch cords, single-mode multi-mode fiber, welcome to inquiry!

1. The solution to environmental factors. First of all, it is necessary to determine whether hydrogen loss occurs in the outgoing optical cable. If hydrogen loss occurs, the attenuation degree can be judged by calculation, and compared with the margin reserved in the previous optical cable design. If the attenuation degree exceeds the margin, it needs to be replaced. If it is within the margin range, it can be maintained by formulating a plan. If the attenuation is caused by the physical characteristics of the optical cable itself, that is, the change of its own parameters with temperature increases, it is necessary to perform a window test, calculate according to the curve, and compare it with the design margin. If it exceeds the margin, it needs to be replaced.2. Solve the problem of connection loss. When cutting the optical cable, it is necessary to grasp the strength and angle of the cutting. Excessive force will cause damage to the optical fiber. Incorrect observation angle will make the observation inaccurate and affect the cutting accuracy. Therefore, when operating, the observation angle should be as flat as possible. When cutting the skin, control the cutting depth to prevent fiber breakage. Stop when polyester is seen to ensure the integrity of the cutting. When peeling off the protective layer (coating layer), keep your hands clean, operate steadily and forcefully, and the length of the peeled protective layer should be 5 cm. After peeling, make sure that the exposed fiber core is clean and unstained, and use more than 99.5% alcohol to clean it before welding. When splicing optical fibers, the operator must carefully operate and observe carefully, the operating platform must be in a horizontal position, the position of the optical fiber must be placed accurately, and necessary calibration must be performed. After splicing, it is necessary to check whether the thickness of the fused optical fiber is consistent and whether there are impurities.3. Solve the problem of joint loss. The optical cable transmission performance test can be carried out by means of detection to minimize the loss of the joint. If the test results are not up to standard, a corresponding treatment plan can be formulated according to the specific results. Aiming at the blind area that the optical time domain transmitter is prone to appear in the detection process, the blind area can be avoided by increasing the length of the optical cable (3-4 kilometers). In actual detection, the optical fiber end is usually bent to determine the fault occurrence point, and then the orientation is determined according to the detected signal.4. Solve the problem of laying. Before the laying of the optical cable, the route should be surveyed and the geologically active areas should be avoided. When the trench is excavated, it must be thoroughly cleaned to ensure that there are no sharp debris. When jacking the pipe, protective measures such as casing must be used to ensure that the optical cable is not damaged. During the construction process, the construction personnel should communicate well and make consistent actions. Special personnel should be arranged to take care of the corners and stones where there is a lot of wear and tear to prevent problems such as excessive bending of the optical cable and wear of the protective layer. When filling the ditch after laying, first fill with a certain thickness of fine soil (more than 15 cm), and then fill with other soil to protect the optical cable.Conclusion: To sum up, the common problems in optical cable construction are more caused by human factors, and less caused by non-force majeure. Therefore, in the construction, we should formulate plans and plans in time to solve the problems that arise. The risk of signal transmission quality in optical cable construction is relatively low.Fiber hope fiber optic cable and patch cord manufacturers can provide high-quality fiber optic cables,fiber pigtails, fiber patch cords, single-mode multi-mode fiber, welcome to inquiry!